Agesilaus II (c.444–360 BCE,) king of Sparta, was a skilled military strategist who led during the height of Spartan dominance. He embodied Sparta’s expansionist policies, prioritizing its interests over Hellenic unity.
Born into the Agiad dynasty, Agesilaus ascended the throne in 399 BCE, despite being a younger son, due to the influence of General Lysander. His reign saw ambitious campaigns against Persia, Thebes, and Greek city-states, strengthening Sparta’s position.
Renowned for his strategic acumen, he led successful expeditions in Asia Minor and later defended Sparta against shifting alliances. His military career waned after Sparta’s defeat at the Battle of Leuctra (371 BCE,) yet he remained influential, later serving as a mercenary commander in Egypt.
Historian Xenophon chronicled his life in Agesilaus (c.360 BCE,) offering insights into his leadership and tactics. Plutarch featured him in Parallel Lives (c.75 CE,) comparing him to notable Roman leaders.
More: Wikipedia • READ: Works by Agesilaus
Valor would cease to be a virtue if there were no injustice.
—Agesilaus
Topics: Valor
Loyalty consists not in vain pomp, but in great virtues.
—Agesilaus
Topics: Kings
The place should not honor the man, but the man the place.
—Agesilaus
If I have done any deed worthy of remembrance, that deed will be my monument.—If not, no monument can preserve my memory.
—Agesilaus
Topics: Legacy
By sowing frugality we reap liberty, a golden harvest.
—Agesilaus
Topics: Thrift
The king will best govern his realm who reigneth over his people as a father doth over his children.
—Agesilaus
Topics: Kings
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