Jose Ortega y. Gasset (1883–1955) was a Spanish critic, journalist, and philosopher. He greatly influenced the cultural and literary renaissance of Spain in the 20th century.
Born in Madrid, Ortega studied at Madrid University (1898–1904) and was a professor from 1911. He also lived in South America and Portugal (1931–46.) Meditaciones del Quijote (1914; Meditations on Quixote, 1961) outlines national symbols in Spanish literature and compares them with others. In El tema de nuestro tiempo (1923, ‘Modern Theme,’) he argues that great philosophies demarcate their epochs’ cultural horizons.
Ortega’s best-known work, La rebelión de las masas (1930; The Revolt of the Masses, 1932,) foreshadowed the Spanish Civil War. Often mistakenly taken as a right-wing and elitist document, it is a masterly analysis of the 20th-century situation in which the masses have revolted against minorities. He corrected any possible ambiguities inherent in this book in his posthumous El hombre y la gente (1957; Man and People, 1957.)
Ortega introduced Marcel Proust and James Joyce to Spain, and his writing has radically influenced the majority of Spanish writers of his time and after him.
More: Wikipedia • READ: Works by Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Life is a series of collisions with the future; it is not the sum of what we have been, but what we yearn to be.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Living, Life
There is but one way left to save a classic: to give up revering him and use him for our own salvation.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Books
Minorities are individual or groups of individuals especially qualified. The masses are the collection of people not specially qualified.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
I am I plus my surroundings and if I do not preserve the latter, I do not preserve myself.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Under the species of Syndicalism and Fascism there appears for the first time in Europe a type of man who does not want to give reasons or to be right, but simply shows himself resolved to impose his opinions.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Opinions, Opinion
All life is the struggle, the effort to be itself.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Being Ourselves
We cannot put off living until we are ready. The most salient characteristic of life is its coerciveness: it is always urgent, “here and now” without any possible postponement. Life is fired at us point-blank.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Living, The Present
Man adapts himself to everything, to the best and the worst.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Youth does not require reasons for living, it only needs pretexts.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Youth
By speaking, by thinking, we undertake to clarify things, and that forces us to exacerbate them, dislocate them, schematize them. Every concept is in itself an exaggeration.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Exaggeration, Perception
Stupefaction, when it persists, becomes stupidity.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Abasement, degradation is simply the manner of life of the man who has refused to be what it is his duty to be.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Aptness, Success, Appropriateness
Better beware of notions like genius and inspiration; they are a sort of magic wand and should be used sparingly by anybody who wants to see things clearly.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Genius
Man always travels along precipices. His truest obligation is to keep his balance.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Obligation
The past will not tell us what we ought to do, but it will what we ought to avoid.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Past, Regret, Reflection
The cynic, a parasite of civilization, lives by denying it, for the very reason that he is convinced that it will not fail.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Cynicism
Poetry is adolescence fermented and thus preserved
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Poetry
The mass believes that it has the right to impose and to give force of law to notions born in the cafe.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
To be surprised, to wonder, is to begin to understand.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Understanding
One age cannot be completely understood if all the others are not understood. The song of history can only be sung as a whole.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: History
Life is an operation which is done in a forward direction. One lives toward the future, because to live consists inexorably in doing, in each individual life making itself.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Life, Living
The characteristic of the hour is that the commonplace mind, knowing itself to be commonplace, has the assurance to proclaim the rights of the commonplace and to impose them wherever it will.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Were art to redeem man, it could do so only by saving him from the seriousness of life and restoring him to an unexpected boyishness.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Art, Artists, Arts
Civilization is nothing more than the effort to reduce the use of force to the last resort.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Civilization, Power
In order to master the unruly torrent of life the learned man meditates, the poet quivers, and the political hero erects the fortress of his will.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
The essence of man is, discontent, divine discontent; a sort of love without a beloved, the ache we feel in a member we no longer have.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Discontent
Towns are full of people, houses full of tenants, hotels full of guests, trains full of travelers, cafes full of customers, parks full of promenaders, consulting-rooms of famous doctors full of patients, theatres full of spectators, and beaches full of bathers. What previously was, in general, no problem, now begins to be an everyday one, namely, to find room.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: People
To write well consists of continuously making small erosions, wearing away grammar in its established form, current norms of language. It is an act of permanent rebellion and subversion against social environs.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Writing
There are people who so arrange their lives that they feed themselves only on side dishes.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Life
An idea is a putting truth in check-mate.
—Jose Ortega y. Gasset
Topics: Ideas
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